Updated daily · U.S. National Library of Medicine

Colon Cancer Clinical Trials

We surface recruiting colorectal cancer trials from ClinicalTrials.gov with plain-English eligibility guidance. Your RAS status, MSI-H, BRAF, and HER2 results are the key factors — knowing them is the first step to finding the right trial.

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Data sourced from the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Plain-English summaries are AI-generated to help you understand — always verify with your medical team.

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Key biomarkers for colorectal cancer trials

Colorectal cancer trial eligibility is highly biomarker-driven. These results — especially RAS status, MSI, and BRAF — appear in almost every CRC eligibility criteria. Find them on your molecular pathology report.

RAS wild-type (KRAS/NRAS WT)
~45% of colorectal cancer
Qualifies for anti-EGFR therapy trials (cetuximab, panitumumab combinations). RAS wild-type status is the most important initial biomarker for metastatic CRC trial eligibility.
Find RAS WT trials →
KRAS G12C
~4% of colorectal cancer
A newly targetable mutation. Sotorasib + panitumumab combination is approved. Multiple trials for adagrasib and novel KRAS G12C inhibitors in combination with anti-EGFR agents are actively recruiting.
Find KRAS G12C trials →
BRAF V600E
~8–10% of colorectal cancer
BEACON regimen (encorafenib + cetuximab) is approved for second-line. Trials test triplet combinations (BRAF + MEK + EGFR) and frontline settings. Often co-occurs with MSI-H.
Find BRAF trials →
MSI-H / dMMR
~5% metastatic; ~15% early-stage
Best immunotherapy responder in CRC. Pembrolizumab approved first-line for MSI-H metastatic CRC. Combination immunotherapy trials for metastatic and adjuvant settings are actively recruiting.
Find MSI-H trials →
HER2 amplification
~3–5% of RAS/BRAF wild-type CRC
Found in RAS/BRAF wild-type patients. Trials include trastuzumab + pertuzumab, tucatinib + trastuzumab (MOUNTAINEER regimen), and trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) combinations.
Find HER2 trials →
NTRK fusion
Rare (<1% of CRC)
Tumor-agnostic approval — larotrectinib (Vitrakvi) and entrectinib (Rozlytrek) work regardless of cancer type. If NTRK fusion is detected, trials and approved drugs are available immediately.
Find NTRK trials →
Not sure which biomarkers you have? Upload your pathology or molecular report. We'll read it and match you to recruiting trials →

Common questions about colon cancer trials

RAS wild-type means no KRAS or NRAS mutations are present in your tumor. This matters because anti-EGFR therapies (cetuximab, panitumumab) only work in RAS wild-type CRC — and dozens of trials use these agents as a backbone. About 45% of colorectal cancers are RAS wild-type.

If you don't know your RAS status, ask your oncologist — it should be on your molecular pathology report.

Yes — MSI-H (microsatellite instability-high) is one of the best immunotherapy indicators in any solid tumor. Pembrolizumab is already approved for first-line MSI-H metastatic CRC. Active trials include pembrolizumab + anti-VEGF combinations, dual checkpoint blockade, and novel immunotherapy approaches.

MSI-H is also found in ~15% of early-stage CRC (Stage II/III) — adjuvant immunotherapy trials are recruiting for these patients too.

BRAF V600E CRC behaves differently from BRAF V600E melanoma — EGFR feedback reactivation limits single-agent BRAF inhibitor responses. The approved regimen is encorafenib + cetuximab (BEACON) for second-line. Active trials test triplet combinations (BRAF + MEK + EGFR) and frontline settings.

BRAF V600E CRC also has higher rates of MSI-H — make sure both have been tested.

Yes — this is one of the newest and fastest-growing categories. Sotorasib + panitumumab is now approved. Multiple Phase 2/3 trials are recruiting for: adagrasib + cetuximab combinations, novel KRAS G12C inhibitors, and combination strategies.

KRAS G12C affects ~4% of colorectal cancers — a targetable mutation that was considered "undruggable" until 2021.

Upload your molecular report to find KRAS G12C trials recruiting near you →

After standard first and second-line regimens, options by molecular profile: RAS WT → anti-EGFR combination trials; KRAS G12C → sotorasib/adagrasib combinations; BRAF V600E → BEACON-based combinations; MSI-H → immunotherapy combinations; HER2 amplified → tucatinib + trastuzumab (MOUNTAINEER). Even after two prior lines, there are trials specifically designed for your situation.

Ask your oncologist for comprehensive molecular profiling. Standard CRC testing should include: RAS/RAF (KRAS, NRAS, BRAF), MMR/MSI testing, HER2 (for RAS/BRAF wild-type patients), and NTRK fusion. A broad NGS panel (FoundationOne CDx, Tempus xT, Caris) covers all of these at once.

If you already have a pathology report, upload it to Alongside — we'll identify which biomarkers are present and which trials they qualify for.

Understanding clinical trials

What is a Phase 1, 2, or 3 trial?

Phase 1 tests safety. Phase 2 tests whether the treatment works. Phase 3 compares the new treatment against the current standard. Most patients look for Phase 2 or 3 trials, where the treatment has shown early promise.

What is an inclusion/exclusion criteria?

Every trial has a checklist of who can and cannot join. These might include your cancer stage, specific gene mutations, prior treatments, age, and overall health. Meeting these is required — not optional.

Do I have to pay for a clinical trial?

No. The experimental treatment in a clinical trial is free. You may still have to pay for routine care like doctor visits, but the trial drug or procedure itself is covered by the sponsor.

What does "recruiting" mean?

Recruiting means the trial is actively looking for participants right now. "Not yet recruiting" means it's approved but hasn't started. "Active, not recruiting" means it's ongoing but has all the participants it needs.